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6.2 Schedule Planning
Scheduling is the "Pulse" of the project. It defines the sequence of activities and the timeline for delivery.
🏗️ Building the Timeline
Modern scheduling requires a balance between mathematical precision and human flexibility.
Critical Path Method
The Math
Finding the longest sequence of tasks with Zero Float. This determines the earliest project finish date.
Agile Cadence
The Rhythm
Using fixed-length Sprints and Releases to create a predictable flow of value.
Lead & Lag
The Nuance
Lead: Accelerating a task. Lag: Adding mandatory wait time (e.g., waiting for paint to dry).
📈 Managing Float (Slack)
Float is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without affecting the end date.
- Total Float: The "safety margin" for the overall project.
- Free Float: The delay allowed before the next activity is affected.
- Negative Float: A project manager's nightmare—it means the project is already late!
🏎️ Schedule Compression
When you are behind, you have two primary levers:
- Crashing: Adding resources to critical path tasks. (Increases cost, increases risk).
- Fast Tracking: Performing sequential tasks in parallel. (No immediate cost, increases risk of rework).
🛠️ 2026 Focus: AI in Estimation
In 2026, PMs use AI-Augmented Estimation to analyze historical performance and identify "True" task durations. However, the PM must still facilitate Bottom-Up Estimation with the team to ensure buy-in and accuracy.
📝 Exam Insight: If an exam scenario asks how to fix a delay with "no extra budget," choose Fast Tracking. If they say "the end date is firm and budget is available," choose Crashing.